DOM Creating content

1) Create Content

You can create a div element an set the content.

We use the document method createElement and the DOM node method appendChild

Input

let e = document.createElement('div'); e.innerHTML = 'Hello'; document.body.appendChild(e);

xxxxxxxxxx

 

1

let e = document.createElement('div');

2

e.innerHTML = 'Hello';

3

document.body.appendChild(e);

4

​

Go reset

Output

let e = document.createElement('div');
e.innerHTML = 'Hello';
document.body.appendChild(e);

let e = document.createElement('div');
e.innerHTML = 'Hello world';
document.body.appendChild(e);

2) Create img

You can create a img element an set the src. In this example you must set the src and the style of the new element a.

a.style = 'width:100px;border:solid;';

These are CSS properties.

Input

let a = document.createElement('img'); a.src = '/flags/fr.png'; document.body.appendChild(a);

xxxxxxxxxx

 

1

let a = document.createElement('img');

2

a.src = '/flags/fr.png';

3

document.body.appendChild(a);

4

​

Go reset

Output

let a = document.createElement('img');
a.src = '/flags/fr.png';
document.body.appendChild(a);

let a = document.createElement('img');
a.src = '/flags/fr.png';
a.style = 'width:100px;border:solid;';
document.body.appendChild(a);

3) Create multiple elements

• You can add several elements to the document.body.
• You can add elements to other elements.
• Change this code to match the model answer
• Can you see why the flag does not show?

Input

let a = document.createElement('div'); a.innerHTML = 'France, '; let b = document.createElement('i'); b.innerHTML = 'Paris'; a.appendChild(b); document.body.appendChild(a); let c = document.createElement('img'); c.src = '/flags/fr.png'; c.style = 'width:100px';

xxxxxxxxxx

 

1

let a = document.createElement('div');

2

a.innerHTML = 'France, ';

3

let b = document.createElement('i');

4

b.innerHTML = 'Paris';

5

a.appendChild(b);

6

document.body.appendChild(a);

7

let c = document.createElement('img');

8

c.src = '/flags/fr.png';

9

c.style = 'width:100px';

10

​

Go reset

Output

let a = document.createElement('div');
a.innerHTML = 'France, ';
let b = document.createElement('i');
b.innerHTML = 'Paris';
a.appendChild(b);
document.body.appendChild(a);
let c = document.createElement('img');
c.src = '/flags/fr.png';
c.style = 'width:100px';

let a = document.createElement('div');
a.innerHTML = 'Germany, ';
let b = document.createElement('i');
b.innerHTML = 'Berlin';
a.appendChild(b);
document.body.appendChild(a);
let c = document.createElement('img');
c.src = '/flags/de.png';
c.style = 'width:100px';
document.body.appendChild(c);

4) Setting complex innerHTML

You can put more complex HTML into an element. The backticks ` ` can span many lines.

Input

let a = document.createElement('div'); a.innerHTML = ` <img src='/flags/gr.png' style='height:1ex'> Greece <i>Athens</i>`; document.body.appendChild(a); let b = document.createElement('div'); b.innerHTML = ` <img src='/flags/it.png' style='height:1ex'> Italy <i>Rome</i>`; document.body.appendChild(b);

xxxxxxxxxx

 

1

let a = document.createElement('div');

2

a.innerHTML = `

3

  <img src='/flags/gr.png' style='height:1ex'>

4

  Greece <i>Athens</i>`;

5

document.body.appendChild(a);

6

let b = document.createElement('div');

7

b.innerHTML = `

8

  <img src='/flags/it.png' style='height:1ex'>

9

  Italy <i>Rome</i>`;

10

document.body.appendChild(b);

11

​

Go reset

Output

let a = document.createElement('div');
a.innerHTML = `
  <img src='/flags/gr.png' style='height:1ex'>
  Greece <i>Athens</i>`;
document.body.appendChild(a);
let b = document.createElement('div');
b.innerHTML = `
  <img src='/flags/it.png' style='height:1ex'>
  Italy <i>Rome</i>`;
document.body.appendChild(b);

let a = document.createElement('div');
a.innerHTML = `
  <img src='/flags/gr.png' style='height:2ex'>
  Greece <i>Athens</i>`;
document.body.appendChild(a);
let b = document.createElement('div');
b.innerHTML = `
  <img src='/flags/it.png' style='height:2ex'>
  Italy <i>Rome</i>`;
document.body.appendChild(b);

5) Using functions

• You should avoid copying chunks of code.
• A well chosen function can help avoid that.

Input

function addCountryDiv(name, capital, flag){ let a = document.createElement('div'); a.innerHTML = ` <img src='/flag/${flag}.png' style='height:2ex'> ${name} <i>${capital}</i>`; document.body.appendChild(a); } addCountryDiv('China', 'Beijing', 'cn'); addCountryDiv('Japan', 'Tokyo', 'jp'); addCountryDiv('South Korea', 'Seoul', 'kr');

xxxxxxxxxx

 

1

function addCountryDiv(name, capital, flag){

2

  let a = document.createElement('div');

3

  a.innerHTML = `

4

    <img src='/flag/${flag}.png' style='height:2ex'>

5

    ${name} <i>${capital}</i>`;

6

  document.body.appendChild(a);

7

}

8

​

9

addCountryDiv('China', 'Beijing', 'cn');

10

addCountryDiv('Japan', 'Tokyo', 'jp');

11

addCountryDiv('South Korea', 'Seoul', 'kr');

12

​

Go reset

Output

function addCountryDiv(name, capital, flag){
  let a = document.createElement('div');
  a.innerHTML = `
    <img src='/flag/${flag}.png' style='height:2ex'>
    ${name} <i>${capital}</i>`;
  document.body.appendChild(a);
}

addCountryDiv('China', 'Beijing', 'cn');
addCountryDiv('Japan', 'Tokyo', 'jp');
addCountryDiv('South Korea', 'Seoul', 'kr');

let a = document.createElement('div');
a.innerHTML = `
  <img src='/flags/gr.png' style='height:2ex'>
  Greece <i>Athens</i>`;
document.body.appendChild(a);
let b = document.createElement('div');
b.innerHTML = `
  <img src='/flags/it.png' style='height:2ex'>
  Italy <i>Rome</i>`;
document.body.appendChild(b);